Dientes natales asociados con enfermedad de Riga-Fede: actualización literaria a propósito de un caso / Riga-Fede disease associated with natal teeth: review of the literature a propos of a case

El italiano Antonio Riga describe una lesión ulcerativa en el vientre lingual relacionada con traumatismo crónico por los órganos dentales de erupción atípica prematura, no fue hasta que el italiano Francesco Saverio Fede, en 1890 realizó la primera publicación de la entidad patológica. En 2002, la Sociedad Argentina de Dermatología incluyó la úlcera eosinófila de la mucosa oral dentro de la clasificación de Fitzpatrick. La presencia de los dientes neonatales y natales se origina por una alteración en conjunto de los cromosomas 4, 5 y 14 (AU)

The Italian Antonio Riga describes an ulcerative injury in the lingual belly related to chronic traumatism by the dental organs of a premature atypical eruption, it was not until the Italian Francesco Saverio Fede, in 1890, made the first publication of the pathological entity. In 2002, the Argentinean Society of Dermatology included the eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucous within the classification of Fitzpatrick. The presence of the neonatal and natal teeth is caused by a combined alteration of chromosomes 4, 5 and 14 (AU)

Clinical and genetic features of 45,X maleness: A case report and review of the literature / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the relationship between the clinical and genetic features of a short-statured azoospermia male with the karyotype of 45,X.@*METHODS@#Using GTG-banded chromosome analysis, we performed karyotyping for a 150 cm-high infertile male with azoospermia and investigated the presence and location of the genes on the Y chromosome by FISH and PCR.@*RESULTS@#GTG-banded chromosome analysis showed the karyotype of the patient to be 45,X,add(14)(p11). The results of PCR manifested the deletion of AZFa, AZFb, AZFc, and AZFd in the SRY gene. FISH revealed the translocation of the short arm of the Y chromosome to that of chromosome 14 and deletion of most proportions of its long arm, with the disruption site close to the centromere region. The karyotype of the patient was 45,X,der(Y)t(Y;14)(q11;q11.2), 14.ish (SRY+, CEP Y+ , DYZ1－).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The karyotype of the patient was unbalanced Y/14 translocation. The SRY gene is the key to maleness. The deletion of AZFa－ d induces spermatogenic disturbance, and the deletion of the q arm of the Y chromosome may be related with short stature.

Presence of t(14; 18) translocation in healthy individuals varies according to ethnic background in the Brazilian population

Several groups have demonstrated that healthy individuals can present the t(14;18) translocation. In this report, the presence of the translocation was examined in healthy blood donors in Brazil, a country considered an ethnic melting pot. The translocation was detected by nested PCR in 227 peripheral blood samples from individuals with different ethnic backgrounds. The t(14;18) translocation was found in 45 of 85 White individuals (52.94%); in 57 of 72 Black individuals (79.17%); and in 68 of 70 individuals (97.14%) of Japanese-descent. In conclusion, the frequency of the t(14;18) translocation in the Brazilian population varies according to the ethnic background.

Report of a case with 14q12 triplication and literature review for FOXG1 related diseases / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report on the first case with chromosome 14q12 triplication involving the FOXG1 gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical, radiological and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) data of a patient was analyzed, in addition with a literature review.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 9-year-old girl has suffered from severe psychomotor delay, infantile spasms, severe mental retardation, absent language, autistic spectrum disorders, impaired ambulation, poor functional hand use and microcephaly, which were considered as manifestation of FOXG1 related diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging has documented heterotopic gray matter changes. aCGH showed a 1.9 Mb triplication in the 14q12 region, which involved the FOXG1 and a predicted gene 14orf23.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For patients with early-onset severe psychomotor retardation, epilepsy, microcephaly, severe cognitive impairment and encephalodysplasia, analysis of copy number variations and mutations of the FOXG1 gene is crucial for the diagnosis.</p>

Clinical significance of detecting t(11;14) by fluorescence in situ hybridization for the diagnosis of 7 patients with atypical mantle cell lymphoma / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical features and diagnosis of 7 patients with atypical mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 7 MCL patients were misdiagnosed as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) due to a score of 4 for their immunophenotypes. The clinical features and diagnosis of such patients were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six patients had superficial lymphadenectasis but their lymph nodes could not be palpated. All 7 patients were as stage IV considering bone marrow infiltration. Scores of immunophenotype of CLL were 4, and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for t(11;14) were positive in all patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Some MCL patients have clinical features similar to CLL. Interphase FISH can play an important role in the diagnosis of MCL.</p>

An 18.3-Mb Duplication on Chromosome 14q With Multiple Cardiac Anomalies and Clubfoot Was Identified by Microarray Analysis

No abstract available.

Phenotypic and genetic analysis of a child featuring multiple malformations due to chromosome 14q deletion / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze a child with mental retardation, growth retardation and language development disorders.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Conventional G-banding analysis was performed on chromosomes cultivated from peripheral blood samples derived from the child and her parents. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was performed to detect minor structural chromosomal abnormalities, and the result was confirmed by short tandem repeats (STR) analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For the child and her parents, no karyotypic abnormality was detected. However, aCGH analysis has identified a 14q22.1 deletion in the child. The microdeletion, with a size of 2.9 Mb was confirmed by STR analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 2.9 Mb chromosomal microdeletion probably underlies the mental retardation, growth retardation and language development disorders in the child.</p>

Analysis of chromosome regions 8q11.1-q13.3, 1q32-q34.3 and 14q31.1-q13.3 in a Chinese family with congenital preauricular fistula / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the candidate chromosomal region for congenital preauricular fistula (CPF) through analysis of an affected Chinese family.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Conventional linkage analysis using short tandem repeats (STR) markers was performed to investigate three chromosomal regions 8q11.1-q13.3, 1q32-q34.3 and 14q31.1-q31.3.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>None of 16 STRs could attain a LOD score of more than -2.0 (theta=0). Therefore, the three regions were all excluded as the candidate region for the disease.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CPF features high genetic heterogeneity. The family may have a causative gene elsewhere. Whole-genome-based study is needed to identify its genetic etiology.</p>

Clinicopathologic Study of Chromosomal Aberrations in Ocular Adnexal Lymphomas of Korean Patients

PURPOSE: The incidence and clinical correlation of MALT1 translocation and chromosomal numerical aberrations in Korean patients with ocular adnexal mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma have not yet been reported. We investigated the incidence and clinicopathologic relationship of these chromosomal aberrations in ocular adnexal MALT lymphomas in a Korean population. METHODS: Thirty ocular adnexal MALT lymphomas were investigated for the t(11;18) API2-MALT1, t(14;18) IgH-MALT1 translocations and chromosomes 3 and 18 aneuploidies using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Patient medical records were reviewed retrospectively for information on demographics and clinical characteristics, including treatment response. RESULTS: The MALT1 gene rearrangement was found in one out of 30 cases. The t(14;18) IgH-MALT1 translocation was demonstrated in only one case (3.3%), and the t(11;18) API2-MALT1 translocation was not found in any of the cases. Trisomy 3 was observed in three ocular adnexal MALT lymphomas (10.0%), and five cases showed trisomy 18 (16.7%). Translocation positive cases also showed trisomy 18. One case of tumor relapse showed trisomy 18 only in the recurrent biopsies. There were no statistically significant correlations between chromosomal aberrations and clinical characteristics and treatment responses. CONCLUSIONS: Translocations involving the MALT1 gene are not common in Korean ocular adnexal MALT lymphomas. The t(14;18) translocation was detected in only one out of 30 cases, and the t(11;18) translocation was not found at all. Furthermore, the chromosomal aberrations found in this study had no prognostic implications.

Utilidad diagnóstica del examen molecular de los genes PPA, PSEN-1 y PSEN-2 en Enfermedad de Alzheimer de inicio temprano / Diagnostic utility of the molecular examination of the genes PPA, PSEN-1 and PSEN-2 in early onset Alzheimer's disease

INTRODUCCIÓN: la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa de evolución progresiva que representa el tipo más común de demencia. El riesgo de presentar enfermedad de Alzheimer familiar (EAF) puede aumentar 2 a 4 veces entre los individuos que tienen un familiar de primer grado con la enfermedad, para la cual se han identificado mutaciones en tres genes, definidas como causales (PSEN-1, PSEN-2 y APP). OBJETIVO: evaluar la utilidad del estudio molecular de los genes PSEN-1, PPA, PSEN-2 (cromosomas 14, 21 y 1) en el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Alzheimer de inicio temprano (EAIT). METODOLOGÍA: se realizó una búsqueda de evidencia en las bases de datos: MEDLINE, EMBASE, la Librería Cochrane y LILACS. Dos evaluadores de manera independiente, tamizaron las referencias obtenidas, resolviendo las discrepancias por consenso. Se identificaron únicamente estudios descriptivos, a partir de los cuales se basan los resultados del presente informe. RESULTADOS: se identificaron 5 estudios descriptivos. Los estudios confirman la identificación de los 3 genes determinantes en la aparición de la enfermedad de EAIT; las mutaciones más frecuentemente identificadas son las pertenecientes al gen PSEN-1. CONCLUSIONES: el estudio molecular de los genes PSEN-1, PSEN-2 y PPA en pacientes con demencia de inicio temprano (< de 65 años) e historia familiar de demencia, se considera el patrón de oro para el diagnóstico de EAIT de transmisión autosómico dominante.(AU)

rare de novo complex chromosomal rearrangement [CCR] involving four chromosomes in an oligo-asthenosperm infertile man

Complex chromosomal rearrangements [CCRs] are rare events involving more than two chromosomes and over two breakpoints. They are usually associated with infertility or sub fertility in male carriers. Here we report a novel case of a CCR in a 30-year-old oligoasthenosperm man with a history of varicocelectomy, normal testes size and normal endocrinology profile referred for chromosome analysis to the Genetics unit of Royan Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center. Chromosomal analysis was performed using peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures and analyzed by GTG banding. Additional tests such as C-banding and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH] procedure for each of the involved chromosomes were performed to determine the patterns of the segregations. Y chromosome microdeletions in the azoospermia factor [AZF] region were analyzed with multiplex polymerase chain reaction. To identify the history and origin of this CCR, all the family members were analyzed. No micro deletion in Y chromosome was detected. The same de novo reciprocal exchange was also found in his monozygous twin brother. The other siblings and parents were normal. CCRs are associated with male infertility as a result of spermatogenic disruption due to complex meiotic configurations and the production of chromosomally abnormal sperms. These chromosomal rearrangements might have an influence on decreasing the number of sperms

Ataxia-Telangiectasia with Novel Splicing Mutations in the ATM Gene

No abstract available.

Two Cases of Partial Trisomy 4p and Partial Trisomy 14q

We present clinical and cytogenetic data on 2 cases of partial trisomy 4p and partial trisomy 14q. Both patients had an extra der(14)t(4;14)(p15.31;q12) chromosome due to a 3:1 segregation from a balanced translocation carrier mother. Array analyses indicated that their chromosomal breakpoints were similar, but there was no relationship between the 2 families. Both patients showed prominent growth retardation and psychomotor developmental delay. Other phenotypic manifestations were generally mild and variable; for example, patient 1 had a short palpebral fissure and low-set ears whereas patient 2 had a round face, asymmetric eyes, small ears, a short neck, finger/toe abnormalities, and behavioral problems.

Low-frequency Mosaicism of Trisomy 14, Missed by Array CGH

Mosaic trisomy 14 syndrome is a well-known but unusual chromosomal abnormality with a distinct and recognizable phenotype. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis has recently become a widely used method for detecting DNA copy number changes, in place of traditional karyotype analysis. However, the array CGH shows a limitation for detecting the low-level mosaicism. Here, we report the detailed clinical and cytogenetic findings of patient with low-frequency mosaic trisomy 14, initially considered normal based on usual cut-off levels of array CGH, but confirmed by G-banding karyotyping. Our patient had global developmental delay, short stature, congenital heart disease, craniofacial dysmorphic features, and dark skin patches over her whole body. Estimated mosaicism proportion was 23.3% by G-banding karyotyping and 18.0% by array CGH.

Impact of Genetic Abnormalities on the Prognoses and Clinical Parameters of Patients with Multiple Myeloma

BACKGROUND: We reviewed patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in order to assess the incidence of genetic abnormalities and their associations with clinical parameters, risk groups, and prognosis. METHODS: A total of 130 patients with MM were enrolled. The incidences of genetic abnormalities were determined in all patients. The relationships of the genetic abnormalities and clinical parameters were investigated. In addition, a survival analysis was performed. RESULTS: Abnormal karyotypes were detected in 42.3% (N=55) of the patients, and this was increased to 63.1% (N=82) after including the results determined with interphase FISH. Hypodiploidy was observed in 7.7% (N=10) of the patients, and all were included in the group with complex karyotypes (30.8%, N=40). The 14q32 rearrangements were detected in 29.2% (N=38) of the patients, and these most commonly included t(11;14), which was followed by t(4;14) and t(14;16) (16.2%, 11.5%, and 0.8%, respectively). Abnormal karyotypes and complex karyotypes were associated with disease progression markers, including low hemoglobin levels, low platelet counts, high plasma cell burden, high beta2-microglobulin, and high international staging system stages. A high free light chain (FLC) ratio and FLC difference were associated with abnormal karyotypes, complex karyotypes, and higher plasma cell burden. Hypodiploidy and low platelet counts were significant independent prognostic factors and were more important in patient outcome than any single abnormality. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic abnormalities were associated with disease progression markers and prognosis of MM patients.

A child with mosaicism for deletion (14)(q11.2q13).

In this case report we describe a child with a de novo deletion in the (q11.2q13) region of chromosome 14. The child presented with dysmorphic features - anophthalmia, microcephaly, and growth retardation. Cytogenetic studies showed mosaicism. The karyotype was 46,XX,del(14)(q11.2;q13) [16] /46,XX [9]. We compared the features observed in this child with that of others with the same deletion reported in scientific literature and found that this is the first report of a child mosaic for this deletion. It is also the first time it has been reported in association with anophthalmia.

A Case of Ring Chromosome 14 Syndrome Presenting with Intractable Epilepsy / 대한간질학회지

Ring chromosome 14 syndrome is a rare cytogenetic disorder characterized by typical facial appearance, developmental delay, and intractable epilepsy. There have been about 50 reported cases in the world and one case in Korea. Epilepsy is the most common and serious neurologic comorbidity of the syndrome and it typically begins at early ages and frequently becomes intractable. We report a girl with ring chromosome 14 syndrome who showed early onset intractable epilepsy with repetitive episodes of clustering seizures. We describe the case and the result of long term follow-up for the epilepsy. The early suspicion of the syndrome and prompt management for seizures are necessary for the favorable prognosis.

Detection of chromosomal aberrations in multiple myeloma with fluorescence in situ hybridization / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To detect of chromosomal abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).@*METHODS@#FISH was performed in 20 MM patients using 5 specific DNA probes. The difference in chromosomal abnormalities was compared by FISH and other routine cytogenetic tests.@*RESULTS@#Eighteen of the 20 patients showed chromosomal abnormalities (90%). The positive rates of t(14q32), del(13q14), dup(1q21), and p53 gene were 65% (13 in 20), 55% (11 in 20), 25% (5 in 20), and 15%(3 in 20), respectively. The abnormal rate of the conventional chromosome examination was 15% only.@*CONCLUSION@#FISH is more sensitive than traditional chromosomal tests and can be used as an index in prognostic evaluation for MM. Del(13q14) and t(14q32) are the most common chromosomal abnormalities in MM patients.

A Case of Ring Chromosome 14 Syndrome Presenting with Intractable Epilepsy

Ring chromosome 14 syndrome is a rare cytogenetic disorder characterized by typical facial appearance, developmental delay, and intractable epilepsy. There have been about 50 reported cases in the world and one case in Korea. Epilepsy is the most common and serious neurologic comorbidity of the syndrome and it typically begins at early ages and frequently becomes intractable. We report a girl with ring chromosome 14 syndrome who showed early onset intractable epilepsy with repetitive episodes of clustering seizures. We describe the case and the result of long term follow-up for the epilepsy. The early suspicion of the syndrome and prompt management for seizures are necessary for the favorable prognosis.

Characteristics of two cases of Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia with concurrent t(8;14) and t(14;18) / 中国实验血液学杂志

This article aimed to report two cases of Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia with concurrent t(8;14) and t(14;18). Morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics and molecular biology (MICM) methods were applied to diagnosis. The results showed that the two cases were both acute lymphocytic leukemia L3 type according to FAB criteria. Conventional cytogenetic technique or interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) demonstrated that t(8;14) and t(14;18) were detected concurrently in both patients. CD20, CD10, FMC7, CD38 and CD19 were expressed in both patients by immunophenotyping. According to MICM, they were both diagnosed as Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia. The first patient died in one month after chemotherapy, and the second patient survived 19 months after rituximab- combined high-dose chemotherapy and subsequently allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In conclusion, t(8;14) and t(14;18) may present simultaneously in Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia and indicate poor prognosis. Rituximab-combined chemotherapy and subsequently HSCT could improve the outcomes of such cases.